Basis of Preparation
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The financial statements have been prepared on the historical cost basis and in accordance with the Companies Act 2006. The presentation and functional currency of the company is pounds sterling. The financial statements are presented in pound units (£) unless stated otherwise. |
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Intangible fixed assets
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Intangible fixed assets (including purchased goodwill and patents) are included at cost less accumulated amortisation. |
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Goodwill
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Goodwill arises on business acquisitions and represents the excess of the cost of the acquisition over the company's interest in the net amount of the identifiable assets, liabilities and contingent liabilities of the acquired business.
Goodwill recognised at acquisition is measured at cost less accumulated amortisation and accumulated impairment losses. Goodwill is amortised on a straight-line basis over its useful life, which is estimated to be 10 years. Goodwill amortisation is included within administration expenses. |
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Cash and cash equivalents
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Cash and cash equivalents are basic financial assets and include cash in hand, deposit held at call with banks, other short-term liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less, and bank overdrafts. Bank overdrafts are shown within borrowings in current liabilities. |
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Financial instruments
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The company only enters into basic financial instruments transactions that result in the recognition of financial assets and liabilities like trade and other debtors, cash and cash equivalents, trade and other payables, and loans and borrowings.
Financial assets and financial liabilities are recognised when the company becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instruments. Financial assets and financial liabilities are initially measured at fair value. |
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Basic financial assets
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Basic financial assets, which include debtors and cash and bank balances, are initially measured at transaction price including transaction costs and are subsequently carried at amortized cost using the effective interest method unless the arrangement constitutes a financing transaction, where the transaction is measured at the present value of the future receipts discounted at a market rate of interest. Financial assets classified as receivable within one year are not amortised. |
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Classification of financial liabilities
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Financial liabilities and equity instruments are classified according to the substance of the contractual agreements entered into An equity instrument is any contract that evidences a residual interest in the assets of the company after deducting all of its liability, |
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Equity instruments
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Equity instruments issued by the company are recorded at the proceeds received, net of transaction costs. Dividends payable on equity instruments are recognised as liabilities once they are no longer at the discretion of the company. |
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Taxation
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Taxation expense represents the aggregate amount of current tax and deferred tax recognised in the reporting period. |
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Current Tax
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The tax currently payable is based on taxable profit for the year. Taxable profit differs from profit before tax as reported in the income statement because of items of income or expense that are taxable or deductible in other years and items that are never taxable or deductible. The company's current tax is calculated using tax rates that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the end of the reporting period. |
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Deferred Tax
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A deferred tax asset or liability is recognised for tax recoverable or payable in future periods in respect of transactions and events recognised in the financial statements of current and previous periods.
Deferred tax arises from timing differences that are differences between taxable profits and total comprehensive income as stated in the financial statements. Timing differences result from the inclusion of come and expenses in tax assessments in periods different from those in which they are recognised in the financial statements.
Deferred tax is recognised on all timing differences at the reporting date apart from certain exceptions. Unrelieved tax losses and other deferred tax assets are only recognised to the extent that it is probable that they will be recovered against the reversal of deferred tax liabilities or other future taxable profits.
Deferred tax liabilities and assets are measured at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the period in which the liability is settled or the asset realised, based on tax rates (and tax laws) that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the end of the reporting period. |
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Employee benefits
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Payments to defined contribution retirement benefit plans are recognised as an expense when employees have rendered service entitling them to the contributions.
The cost of any unused holiday entitlement is recognised in the period in which the employee's services are received. |
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